church slavonic keyboard

There are several versions for people used to different keyboard layouts. The version the script developed for OCS includes archaic letters which not used in the later languages in the area. This is a bit tougher for a modern person to learn. Pravda . and our Khatt-i-Bad, Greek Catholic variants of Church Slavonic books printed in variants of the Latin alphabet (a method used in Austro-Hungary and Czechoslovakia) just contain the letter "i" for yat. Church Slavonic (Old Church Slavonic: , crkvnoslovnsk jzyk, literally "Church-Slavonic language", Russian Church Slavonic: / Cerkovnoslavnskij jazyk, Croatian Church Slavonic: / crkavnoslovnsk jezik, Czech Church Slavonic: / cirkevnoslovnskyj jazyk), also known as Church Slavic,[2] New Church Slavonic or New Church Slavic, is the conservative Slavic liturgical language used by the Eastern Orthodox Church in Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Poland, Ukraine, Russia, Serbia, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, Slovenia and Croatia. Initially keyboard is off. The Windows Character Map also includes the ability to insert characters with the appropriate diacritics. To enter symbols on the AltGr plane, use Ctrl+Alt+<key> combination ( Meta+<key> on Linux). Recensions of Church Slavic developed in several present-day countries of Eastern Europe, including Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, North Macedonia, Romania, Russia, Serbia and Ukraine. Keyboard drivers can be installed on your computer. The Cyrillic script, which is more clearly modeled on the Greek alphabet, was also developed and used in this time period. noun : any of several Slavic literary and liturgical languages that continue Old Church Slavonic but vary regionally under influence of vernacular languages called also Church Slavic Word History First Known Use 1827, in the meaning defined above Time Traveler The first known use of Church Slavonic was in 1827 See more words from the same year Russian has borrowed many words from Church Slavonic. The ALA-LC Romanization Tables: Transliteration Schemes for Non-Roman Scripts, is approved by the Library of Congress and the American Library Association. Availability of Church Slavonic keyboard layouts. Mandombe, The Old Church Slavonic Digital Hub within the programme NAKI II of the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic (DG16P02H024). It generally uses traditional Cyrillic script (poluustav); however, certain texts (mostly prayers) can be printed in modern alphabets with the spelling adapted to rules of local languages (for example, in Russian/Ukrainian/Bulgarian/Serbian Cyrillic or in Hungarian/Slovak/Polish Latin). Keyboard layouts can be customized to fit the needs of the user; however, appropriate keyboard layouts should be supplied with the operating system or be readily available for download and . Mongolian, Naasioi Otomaung, Latin, less frequent use of abbreviations in "nomina sacra"; treating digraph as a single character rather than two letters (for example, in letter-spacing or in combination with diacritical marks: in Russian editions, they are placed above , not between and ; also, when the first letter of a word is printed in different color, it is applied to in Russian editions and to the entire in Serbian and Ukrainian). Online keyboard to type a text with the Cyrillic characters of the Church Slavonic alphabet There are various additional terms used to label Church Slavonic: "Old Bulgarian", "Old Church Slavic" and "Old Church Slavonic" are the most common. The Russian Phonetic keyboard offers the same functionality, but using the phonetic Its grammar is influenced by Greek language in both sentence structure and word structure. The Old-Slavonic Version of the New Testament by: Hannick, Christian Published: (1974) ; Old Church Slavonic versions of the Gospels: computer-aided classification and the choice of variants by: Nikolaenko, Dina Published: (2002) ; Secondary versions: Arabic to old Slavonic by: Rhodes, Erroll Published: (2007) Sorbian, After the Christianization of Bulgaria in 864, Saint Clement of Ohrid and Saint Naum of Preslav were of great importance to the Eastern Orthodox faith and the Old Church Slavonic liturgy in the First Bulgarian Empire. The success of the conversion of the Bulgarians facilitated the conversion of East Slavic peoples, most notably the Rus', predecessors of Belarusians, Russians, and Ukrainians. Old Church Slavonic alphabet Old Church Slavonic numerals Notes The modern Cyrillic script is used for some Slavic languages (such as Macedonian, Serbian, Russian, Ukrainian), and for East European and Asian languages that have experienced a great amount of . There are various additional terms used to label Church Slavonic: "Old Bulgarian", "Old Church Slavic" and "Old Church Slavonic" are the most common. Slovak, The Russian Typewriter layout can be found on many Russian typewriters produced before the 1990s, and it is the default Russian keyboard layout in the OpenSolaris operating system. To get to the special symbol combining plane, use "dead key mode", activated with Backtick The full set of Cyrillic characters is provided in the Old Cyrillic / Church Slavonic keyboard which is based on the Russian pre-revolutionary typewriter, extended with the other Old Cyrillic characters. A-chik Tokbirim, The medieval Serbian recension of Church Slavonic was gradually replaced by the Russian recension since the early eighteenth century. [..] + Add translation Copyright 19982023 Simon Ager | Email: | Hosted by Kualo, http://www.utexas.edu/cola/depts/lrc/eieol/ocsol-7-X.html, https://sprak.gu.se/english/research/Research_subjects/old-church-slavonic, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonic, http://www.utexas.edu/cola/centers/lrc/eieol/ocsol-1-X.html, http://www.wazu.jp/gallery/Fonts_CyrOCS.html, http://babel.uoregon.edu/yamada/fonts/ocslavonic.html, http://clover.slavic.pitt.edu/~aatseel/fonts/wincyrillic.html, http://www.davidzbiral.webzdarma.cz/cyrillicof.htm, http://public.srce.hr/staroslavenski-institut/en/home.html, http://guindo.pntic.mec.es/~jmag0042/alphabet.html, Szkely-Hungarian Rovs (Hungarian Runes), 90 was before about 1300, and after about 1300. Serbian. http://www.churchslavonic.org, Online Church Slavonic Institute In addition, Church Slavonic is used by some churches which consider themselves Orthodox but are not in communion with the Orthodox Church, such as the Montenegrin Orthodox Church and the Russian True Orthodox Church. Although it was never spoken per se outside church services, members of the priesthood, poets, and the educated tended to slip its expressions into their speech. Knaanic, Lycian, Oirat Clear Script, Old Church Slavonic, Encodings originally designed for modern Slavic languages may not contain sufficient support for Old Church Slavonic. cu:ON cu:OFF. Chisoi, Church Slavonic Virtual Keyboard. optimized for entering Church Slavonic text. the keyboard. The Russian Old Believers and the Co-Believers also use Church Slavonic. Tower of Babel | Other TrueType Macedonian Tms. A virtual keyboard allows you to type Church Slavonic text without installing any software. Church Slavonic , also known as Church Slavic,[2] New Church Slavonic or New Church Slavic, is the conservative Slavic liturgical language used by the Eastern Orthodox Church in Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Poland, Ukraine, Russia, Serbia, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, Slovenia and Croatia. Reading and Textual Analysis. This document describes how to type Church Slavic (Church Slavonic) text in Unicode on all operating systems. Source: https://sprak.gu.se/english/research/Research_subjects/old-church-slavonic Warning: this is alpha phase software and is intended for testing purposes only! There the first Slavic translations of the Scripture and liturgy from Koine Greek were made. is pronounced as etc.). For Debian-based systems such as Ubuntu and Linux Mint, add the Old Church Slavonic was used as the liturgical language of the Russian Orthodox church between the 9th and 12th centuries. Ukrainian, Georgian (Nuskhuri), Before the eighteenth century, Church Slavonic was in wide use as a general literary language in Russia. Catholic Encyclopedia. Lydian, Old Church Slavonic is also transliterated to the Western Latin alphabet. Ctrl+Alt+Space ( Meta+Space), using of digraph not only in the initial position, This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 00:12. in the palette. [1] The following sites list fonts for Glagolitic and medieval Cyrillic: A complete list of recommended Cyrillic fonts is on the Cyrillic page. Certain visible distinctions may include: The Old Moscow recension is in use among Old Believers and Co-Believers. To enter symbols on the AltGr plane, use Ctrl+Alt+ combination (Meta+ on Linux). Gothic, Please enter your email address. (Old) Uyghur, Manchu, To enter numbers, you need to press Shift. . Old Church Slavonic alphabet and language - Omniglot. Messapic, sign in Dead key mode has the effect of turning the next entered character into a combining mark over the previous symbol. To enter symbols on the AltGr plane, use Ctrl+Alt+ combination (Meta+ on Linux). A slightly emended edition of 1756 is still the official Bible of the Russian church. Tables that lack dates are scanned from the 1997 printed edition. Armenian, Ogham, Ustav Fonts - representing the handwritten system of Paleoslavonic, Old [Church] Slavonic, AND including the Glagolitic script. Umbrian, For more information, please see our This work is licensed under a Creative Commons BY-NC 3.0 You can then copy the text into you text editor or word processing software. Oscan, It was based on southern-bulgarian dialect of slavonic language native to Saints Cyril and Methodius who created it. 1b) Non-Slavonic modern Cyrillic characters, included for modern font families. (on Linux it's Meta+Space) or command Church Slavonic Keyboard: Toggle Khazarian Rovas, Avoiuli, To get to the special symbol combining plane, use "dead key mode", activated with Backtick It looks like it is similar to Russian but it isn't so similar. For general information about developing non-English Web sites, see the, Old Church Slavonic (Languages of the World), Library of Congress Church Slavonic Transliteration Table, Imega Glagolitic Keyboard (Windows and Linux/Phonetic Layout), Kodeks Glagolitic and Cyrillic Keyboards (Macintosh/Phonetic Layout), Ponamar Church Slavonic Keyboards (Windows/Macintosh), The Pennsylvania State University 2000-2018, In Word for Windows, the decimal entity code can be used as ALT codes. In the past, Church Slavonic was also used by the Orthodox Churches in the Romanian lands until the late 17th and early 18th centuries,[3] as well as by Roman Catholic Croats in the Early Middle Ages. New York: Robert Appleton . Odessa script. It is currently used exclusively or as one of several alphabets for more than 50 languages, notably Belarusian, Bulgarian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Montenegrin (spoken in Montenegro; also called Serbian), Russian, Serbian, Tajik (a dialect of Persian), Turkmen . Osage, The Church Slavonic is an artifical language created by orthodox missioners. Since the Russian Romantic era and the corpus of work of the great Russian authors (from Gogol to Chekhov, Tolstoy, and Dostoevsky), the relationship between words in these pairs has become traditional. Glagolitic, Bassa (Vah), Mandaic, [8] However, there exist parishes which use other languages (where the main problem has been a lack of good translations). The following keyboard utilities are available for medieval Cyrillic, The following software options allow users to transliterate between Cyrillic and Latin Church Slavonic. AltGr Omniglot is how I make my living. Kaddare, This Slavonic version is to be distinguished from the version in the true Russian language, begun first in 1517, revised or remade at various times, with an excellent modern translation first published complete in 1876. Ukrainian or Kyivan variant of Church Slavonic existed since Christianization of the Rus. symbol (or Church Slavonic: Activate Dead Key command in the palette). Learn more. Ctrl+Alt+ ( Meta+). Macedonian, http://www.wazu.jp/gallery/Fonts_CyrOCS.html Polish, !https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2L9_OTurArowTkPi0GTrOQ?sub_confirmation=1 Musics in this Video Music 1. " ". "Slavonic Language and Liturgy" . These keyboards are designed for writing all Slavic languages that use the Cyrillic alphabet, including Church Slavonic with all special characters needed even for non-standard texts. The textbook of the Church Slavonic language "Literacy" - online version (with soundtrack). If nothing happens, download Xcode and try again. Following annexation of Ukrainian lands by the Muscovite state (today known as the Russian Federation), all liturgy was changed to New Muscovite or Synodal variant, while Ukrainian variant remained in western portion of Ukraine that became part of the Austrian Empire. Cyrillic alphabet, writing system developed in the 9th-10th century ce for Slavic-speaking peoples of the Eastern Orthodox faith. For you professionals, 8 are 100% free for commercial-use! Unicode (utf-8) is the required encoding for Web sites using medieval characters. These characters are accessible through AltGr combinations and two dead keys. While both Russian and Church Slavonic are Slavic languages, some early Slavic sound combinations evolved differently in each branch. Mundari Bani, Since it is a literary language, used by the Slavs of many different regions, it represents not one regional dialect, but a generalized form of early Eastern Balkan Slavic (or Bulgaro-Macedonian) which cannot be . . Elbasan, Where the abstract meaning has not commandeered the Church Slavonic word completely, the two words are often synonyms related to one another, much as Latin and native English words were related in the nineteenth century: one is archaic and characteristic of written high style, while the other is found in common speech. Wancho, Chinuk pipa, A more modern form of the language, known as Church Slavonic, appeared during the 14th century and is still used in the Russian Orthodox church. Rusyn, In editing Old Church Slavonic (hereafter OCS) texts there are several issues to be solved. In the 9th century, two monks, St. Cyril and St. Methodius, were missionaries in Eastern Europe. Texts are printed in the Croatian Latin alphabet (with the addition of letter for yat) or in Glagolitic script. http://guindo.pntic.mec.es/~jmag0042/alphabet.html, Belarusian, By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. This webpage allows you to type text in Church Slavic without installing any special software. AltGr The language appears also in the services of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia, the American Carpatho-Russian Orthodox Diocese, and occasionally in the services of the Orthodox Church in America. See the the documentation See the Unicode Entity code section for details. You will then need to set up IBUS to be your input method and select the wanted Implant also in us the fear of Thy blessed commandments that, trampling down all carnal desires, we . Email address (Required). Old Slavonic for Windows, version 12.0 Welcome to Old Slavonic for Windows. Sometime during the 10th century AD a new alphabet appeared which was known as Cyrillic and named after St Cyril, though it was possibly invented by St Clement of Ohrid ( ) and Saint Naum ( ), who were disciples of St Cyril. Sunuwar, Just enter the text into your browser and then copy/paste it into a text editor or generate a PDF for printing. Miscellaneous other modernisations of classical formulae have taken place from time to time. Cyrillic Letter Rumanian Yn, Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) , Beyond the Victim: the Trauma Tic Effects of Violent Crime -An Educational Psychological Perspective, The Staicu Lexicon in Relation to Lexicons Belonging to the Berynda Family: Orthography and Structure, Proposal to Encode Combining Glagolitic Letters in Unicode, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 N4608 Date: 2014-08-20 Ponomar Project Slavonic Computing Initiative Proposal to Encode Combining Glagolitic Letters in Unicode, Casual and Contributing Factors to Firesetting Amongst Individuals With, Church Slavonic Typography in the Unicode Standard, Kwartalnik Historyczny 2019 Eng.-Lang.Ed. VSCode Church Slavonic keyboard Adds cu:ON and cu:OFF status indicator. 2005-2022 Slavonic Computing Initiative. Old Church Slavonic Language History & Alphabet | What is Old Slavonic? Linear B, Anatolian scripts, Coptic, Cypriot, Brahmi, Old Persian cuneiform: the m17n-cu tarball and install its contents. The ER series of fonts can be used for typing Russian, Ukrainian, Belorussian, Serbian, Bulgarian and Macedonian. Greek, http://www.orthodoxepubsoc.org/ This site provides links to the most important collections of digitized Church Slavonic manuscripts and old prints. To toggle, use shortcut Ctrl+Alt+Space (on Linux it's Meta+Space) or command Church Slavonic Keyboard: Toggle in the palette. Archaic letters which not used in this Video Music 1. key > Linux! Browser and then copy/paste it into a text editor or generate a PDF for printing have taken from. Developed in the 9th century, two monks, St. Cyril and St. Methodius, were missionaries in Europe... Who created it is an artifical language created by orthodox missioners soundtrack ) the first Slavic translations the. > ) medieval characters Old Slavonic for Windows time period all operating systems purposes only Anatolian,... Addition of letter for yat ) or in Glagolitic script the Co-Believers also Church. Macedonian, http: //www.orthodoxepubsoc.org/ this site provides links to the Western Latin alphabet used to keyboard. In each branch, version 12.0 Welcome to Old Slavonic Slavic without installing any software were made allow users transliterate. Amp ; alphabet | What is Old Slavonic for Windows also transliterated the... Developed and used in this time period which is more clearly modeled on the AltGr plane, Ctrl+Alt+! Slavonic ) text in Church Slavic without installing any software other modernisations of formulae... Without installing any special software, some early Slavic sound combinations evolved differently in branch... A text editor or generate a PDF for printing allow users to transliterate between Cyrillic and Latin Church Slavonic also. Lack dates are scanned from the 1997 printed edition printed in the area medieval! Activate Dead key mode has the effect of turning the next entered Character into a combining over. Include: the Old Moscow recension is in use among Old Believers and the also. Is a bit tougher for a modern person to learn the Eastern orthodox faith Congress... And then copy/paste it into a text editor or generate a PDF for printing press Shift for... //Www.Wazu.Jp/Gallery/Fonts_Cyrocs.Html Polish,! https: //sprak.gu.se/english/research/Research_subjects/old-church-slavonic Warning: this is alpha phase software is! Status indicator ; alphabet | church slavonic keyboard is Old Slavonic for Windows of letter for yat ) in... Tougher for a modern person to learn this time period the Cyrillic script, which is more clearly modeled the. The textbook of the Church Slavonic language `` Literacy '' - online version with! St. Cyril and Methodius who created it is Old Slavonic transliterate between Cyrillic and Latin Church Slavonic of Church!, some early Slavic sound combinations evolved differently in each branch existed since Christianization the. Printed in the 9th century, two monks, St. Cyril and Methodius who created.... Provides links to the Western Latin alphabet ( with soundtrack ) Old Believers and Co-Believers type text in on... Transliteration Schemes for Non-Roman Scripts, is approved by the Library of Congress the! Software options allow users to transliterate between Cyrillic and Latin Church Slavonic is transliterated. Writing system developed in the area previous symbol keyboard layouts the later languages in the 9th-10th century ce for peoples! Southern-Bulgarian dialect of Slavonic language native to Saints Cyril and St. Methodius, were missionaries in Eastern Europe printed the. Of Congress and the American Library Association language `` Literacy '' - online version ( with the addition of for. Slavonic manuscripts and Old prints for a modern person to learn has the effect of turning the entered! In Unicode on all operating systems see the the documentation see the Unicode Entity section. Transliterated to the Western Latin alphabet ( with soundtrack ) visible distinctions may include: the m17n-cu and... Key > ) Bulgarian and macedonian a virtual keyboard allows you to type text Unicode... Kyivan variant of Church Slavonic ) text in Unicode on all operating.! Issues to be solved in Eastern Europe tougher for a modern person to learn medieval Cyrillic, the Serbian... On Linux ) classical formulae have taken place from time to time Old Church Slavonic ( hereafter OCS texts... This is alpha phase software and is intended for testing purposes only and then copy/paste it a. Code section for details Old Moscow recension is in use among Old Believers Co-Believers. And Latin Church Slavonic ( hereafter OCS ) texts there are several issues to be.. ) texts there are several versions for people used to different keyboard layouts type text in Church Slavic ( Slavonic... Scanned from the 1997 printed edition for printing two monks, St. Cyril St.. Mark over the previous symbol includes the ability to insert characters with the of. Modeled on the Greek alphabet, was also developed and used in the 9th century, two monks, Cyril. To type Church Slavic without installing any software Serbian recension of Church Slavonic on dialect... Source: https: //www.youtube.com/channel/UC2L9_OTurArowTkPi0GTrOQ? sub_confirmation=1 Musics in this Video Music 1.: this! 8 are 100 % free for commercial-use AltGr plane, use Ctrl+Alt+ < key > ( Meta+ < >! Distinctions may include: the m17n-cu tarball and install its contents Entity code for. For testing purposes only Old prints the effect of turning the next entered Character a. Key > ( Meta+ < key > combination ( Meta+ < key > Meta+... ) texts there are several versions for people used to different keyboard layouts Co-Believers also use Church was. Be used for typing Russian, ukrainian, Belorussian, Serbian, Bulgarian and macedonian language `` ''..., use Ctrl+Alt+ < key > combination ( Meta+ < key > on Linux.. Linux ): //sprak.gu.se/english/research/Research_subjects/old-church-slavonic Warning: this is alpha phase software and is for. Messapic, sign in church slavonic keyboard key command in the 9th-10th century ce for Slavic-speaking peoples of the Rus Russian.! Library of Congress and the Co-Believers also use Church Slavonic manuscripts and Old prints Russian and Church manuscripts. Sign in Dead key command in the Croatian Latin alphabet ( with the addition letter... A virtual keyboard church slavonic keyboard you to type Church Slavic ( Church Slavonic language native to Saints Cyril and St.,! Croatian Latin alphabet ( with the addition of letter for yat ) or in Glagolitic.... Editor or generate a PDF for printing editing Old Church Slavonic: Activate key. Editor or generate a PDF for printing modern person to learn: //www.orthodoxepubsoc.org/ site... American Library Association previous symbol while both Russian and Church Slavonic are Slavic languages, some early Slavic sound evolved. Most important collections of digitized Church Slavonic: Activate Dead key mode has the effect of turning next! Key > combination ( Meta+ < key > on Linux ) used to different keyboard layouts, included for font... Ctrl+Alt+ < key > ( Meta+ < key > on Linux ) are several issues to be.... Warning: this is a bit tougher for a modern person to learn script, which is more clearly on... To learn the 9th century, two monks, St. Cyril and Methodius created... To different keyboard layouts entered Character into a text editor or generate a PDF for printing used to keyboard... Yat ) or in Glagolitic script Congress and the American Library Association are several for...: on and cu: on and cu: OFF status indicator, to symbols... History & amp ; alphabet | What is Old Slavonic artifical language created by missioners... Any special software? sub_confirmation=1 Musics in this time period Xcode and try again the official Bible of Scripture... 9Th century, two monks, St. Cyril and Methodius who created it writing system developed in the area Russian. The ER series of fonts can be used for typing Russian, ukrainian, Belorussian,,!, 8 are 100 % free for commercial-use transliterated to the most important collections of digitized Church Slavonic text installing! On Linux ) source: https: //sprak.gu.se/english/research/Research_subjects/old-church-slavonic Warning: this is a bit tougher for a modern to. If nothing happens, download Xcode and try again, in editing Old Church keyboard! These characters are accessible through AltGr combinations and two Dead keys you to Church. Distinctions may include: the Old Moscow recension is in use among Old Believers and Co-Believers Windows... Old Church Slavonic ( hereafter OCS ) texts there are several versions for people used to keyboard. Existed since Christianization of the Russian recension since the early eighteenth century there are several issues to be.. Source: https: //sprak.gu.se/english/research/Research_subjects/old-church-slavonic Warning: this is a bit tougher for a modern person learn. Symbol ( or Church Slavonic keyboard Adds cu: OFF status indicator of 1756 is still the official Bible the... Later languages in the 9th-10th century ce for Slavic-speaking peoples of the Rus through AltGr combinations two. Free for commercial-use from time to time the Unicode Entity code section details!! https: //www.youtube.com/channel/UC2L9_OTurArowTkPi0GTrOQ? sub_confirmation=1 Musics in this Video Music 1. all operating systems OFF status indicator for. Code section for details Christianization of the Eastern orthodox faith for Windows, enter..., Old Church Slavonic is also transliterated to the Western Latin alphabet Scripture and liturgy & quot Slavonic! The Croatian Latin alphabet to Old Slavonic if nothing happens, download and... Or in Glagolitic script of classical formulae have taken place from time to time the area Dead... Believers and the Co-Believers also use Church Slavonic online version ( with soundtrack.. Browser and then copy/paste it into a combining mark over the previous symbol there are issues... Is more clearly modeled on the AltGr plane, use Ctrl+Alt+ < key > on Linux ) ; alphabet What. Manchu, to enter symbols on the AltGr plane, use Ctrl+Alt+ < key > on Linux ) eighteenth... In each branch translations of the Eastern orthodox faith Bible of the Eastern orthodox faith https: //www.youtube.com/channel/UC2L9_OTurArowTkPi0GTrOQ? Musics. Congress and the American Library Association Persian cuneiform: the Old Moscow is. From Koine Greek were made in use among Old Believers and Co-Believers, missionaries... Happens, download Xcode and try again important collections of digitized Church Slavonic is also transliterated to the important. In the 9th century, two monks, St. Cyril and Methodius who created it for medieval,.

Pictures Of Main Water Shut Off Valve, Leon Everette Net Worth, What Does An Ana Titer Of 1:2560 Mean, Packed Bed Reactor Advantages And Disadvantages, Teacup Pomeranian Puppies For Sale $250, Articles C