public sector pay rise 2022 uk

The projected remuneration cost is calculated by adding the increase in remuneration cost arising from the remit proposals to the baseline remuneration cost. Their colleagues in the private sector also need and merit . A series of strikes has focused attention on the gap between pay in the public and private sectors. The RMT has called for a minimum of 7%, while some healthcare unions have suggested they would accept a similar amount. So 2022 is set to be yet another tough year for public sector employees. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email: psi@nationalarchives.gov.uk. are well explained and readily accessible, are managed impartially and objectively in the public interest. The headline rate of pay rises for all workers excluding bonuses rose to 6.1% in the three months to October, from 5.7% in September. The TUC general secretary, Frances OGrady, said workers were suffering a reduction in their living standards before a recession that could cut living standards further. Weekly wages in the public sector of the United Kingdom grew by an average of 4.5 percent in December 2022 when compared with the previous year, while wages . Royal College of Nursing general secretary and chief executive Pat Cullen said the move was a "tacit acknowledgment from ministers they have underpaid nursing staff". excluding employer pensions and NICs) divided by the workforce size. We also welcome departments to consider transformational reform over the Spending Review period when considering long term pay strategy, as set out in section 3. Please email us your letter and it will be considered for publication. Pay remits cannot be reopened once the relevant Secretary of State has approved them. The economic inactivity rate, which shows how many people are outside the labour market, decreased by 0.2 percentage points in the three months to October from the previous quarter to 21.5%. READ MORE:Budget POLL: Should Rishi Sunak increase taxes in his Budget? This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. . the largest real terms percentage decrease in spending was in economic affairs (50.0 per cent), mainly due to lower expenditure on covid-19 related measures. UK's Taylor Wimpey cuts jobs amid housing slowdown, National Express says more Britons shift to buses after rail strikes, Reporting by David Milliken; Editing by Leslie Adler and Marguerita Choy, Britain's Nationwide curbs cryptocurrency purchases by customers, LSE Group targets Blackstone/Thomson Reuters stake buyback as raises outlook, Sterling falls as interest rate outlook and strong dollar weigh, Biden admin offers $1.2 billion for distressed, shut nuclear plants, Russia says West is 'burying' Black Sea grain deal, Blinken, Lavrov spoke briefly on margins of G20 meeting - U.S. official, Factbox: What to look for as China kicks off its annual session of parliament, Exclusive news, data and analytics for financial market professionals. Any department that is uncertain as to whether what they propose to agree constitutes a significant difference from that specified under the remit should contact the Cabinet Office for advice. The total public sector pay bill in 2021/22 was 233bn. Excludes those employees moving between jobs within the department. The current UK inflation rate is 9.1%, with the Bank of England predicting inflation could reach more than 11% later this year. This guidance does not apply to departments that are already in approved arrangements outside of the pay remit guidance including those in multi-year deals. Departments should expect to be challenged on whether alternative measures are more appropriate to address the issues they have identified. All departments should enter data for all three calculations of the IRC: For those departments to whom the below do not apply, the figures will be identical: Those departments that fall under either or both of the above are expected to report the effects of these factors on their IRC by entering outturn and forecast data for all three versions of the IRC. It could be as low as 13bn if the governments fresh concessions for teachers and other groups are factored in as already paid for. The announcement on public sector workers is the second pay-related boost announced this week ahead of the Chancellors Budget on Wednesday. London More info. If that presents an increase in remuneration costs (IRC) for the remit year above the controls set out in this guidance, i.e. In October 2021, the Chancellor of the Exchequer announced as part of the Spending Review 2021 that the public sector would return to normal pay setting process, with effect from the 2022/23 remit year. Dont worry we wont send you spam or share your email address with anyone. Departments should contact the Cabinet Office for advice if they are unsure whether any changes they are considering would present an IRC. information on the makeup of the departments workforce, and the internal and external labour market in which they operate, the relevant local labour market in which staff operate, the recruitment and retention situation within the workforce, Equality Act requirements to avoid discrimination, including the need for departments to meet their obligations under the Public Sector Equality Duty, and to record their findings on this, the total reward of staff, including pensions and conditions of service, any structural changes or reforms to pay arrangements. The news on public sector pay follows the Treasury's announcement that the national living wage will increase from 8.91 to 9.50 an hour from next April. Brexit talks resume - full schedule for Northern Ireland Protocol, Poland could unravel EU's legal authority - what it means for Brexit, Rishi Sunak has announced an end to the freeze, The Chancellor will set out his full Budget on Wednesday, Liz Truss LIVE: Foreign Secretary hints at MORE mega-deals, NHS workers have already received a three percent pay rise, Social care workers are included in the rise, Wage increases are proof Rishi backs workers - EXPRESS COMMENT. According to No 10, a 10% pay rise would cost Britains 28m households 1,000 a year in higher taxes. 2: Increase in remuneration cost excluding legally binding progression increments or progression buy out costs, 3: Increase in remuneration cost excluding progression increments or progression buy out costs, and PRP pot switches, departments that pay contractual progression increments or, departments who have agreed a switch in funding from the non-consolidated performance pay pot to fund recruitment and retention pressures, performance related payments based on individual contributions to the department and assessed by the Departments performance management system, special bonus schemes for individual payments for special projects or outstanding pieces of work that are not covered by the normal performance management system, non-consolidated performance payments met from the performance pot should be excluded from the. For departments looking to adopt the DDaT framework, they should discuss their business case with the DDaT function before submitting. A full explanation of this decision can be found in PESA 2016 Annex E. Changes to Total Managed Expenditure (TME) and public sector debt interest in all years are due to updated ONS data. Job roles within the public sector includes . The IFS warned: "The continuing fall in public sector pay relative to the private sector poses recruitment and retention challenges for public services, and could threaten the government's ability to deliver on its public service objectives.". Requests to increase the size of the non-consolidated performance pay pot, permanently or temporarily, will not be considered. The CIPD surveyed 1,006. But in 2021-22, the difference became negative, meaning that private sector workers were being paid more on average if you adjusted for their characteristics. However, there could also be discrepancies, with lower paid staff getting more. As such, in return for higher pay awards, cases should be cost-neutral by delivering cashable savings and/or demonstrating frontloaded, tangible productivity gains within the business case lifecycle and over the Spending Review period. The proposed 3.5% pay increase covers workers including police officers, teachers, judges, nurses, doctors and dentists, many of whom have voted to strike recently over the award they received in the current pay round. From 2011-12 onwards the grant-equivalent element of student loans is no longer part of the TES framework and has therefore been removed from the Education function. By. Paybill costs of those on the NLW: The total paybill costs incurred by all employees on the NLW within the pay remit year and the cost of increasing the wages of eligible employees to meet the legal entitlement of paying the NLW. We also use cookies set by other sites to help us deliver content from their services. The ONS said 417,000 working days were lost to strike action in October, the highest since November 2011 when just under a million days were lost due to public sector workers walking out in a row over pension reforms. In his spending review in November 2020, Mr Sunak claimed he could not justify an across-the-board increase for the public sector when many in the private sector were subject to cut hours and pay due to the pandemic. This includes doctors and nurses and other NHS staff, civil servants, police and fire services, state school staff and social care workers. Paybill per head (headcount) is total paybill divided by headcount. Basic award (%): Enter the average % increase to the steps (for a step based pay system) or maxima/minima (for a non-step based pay system) of the pay ranges within an organisation. Total paybill: The template calculates total paybill as the sum of direct wages and salaries, pension contributions and National Insurance Contributions. To avoid this flexibility resulting in subsequent paybill increase, the reduction in the PRP pot will be permanent once the pot as a percentage of paybill has been reduced. This chart shows average weekly pay for public and private-sector workers, excluding bonuses, adjusted for rising prices. HM Treasury will continue to keep the use of paybill control under review. Published by D. Clark , Feb 14, 2023. On 17th February the Scottish government was the first administration to offer an NHS pay rise for 2023/24. With the agreement of HMT and the Cabinet Office, departments have the option of transferring money between their consolidated and non-consolidated pots as set out below in section 3.2. TME figures are consistent with data published by the ONS in February 2023. The cost of any revalorisation must be included in the pay award, i.e. Cabinet Office has responsibility for the overall management of the Civil Service. Wed like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services. Headcount: Enter the total Civil Service workforce on a headcount basis, calculated as the average for the remit year based on the size of the workforce at the end of each month. Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. Measurable: timelines and milestones must be provided to enable the tracking of the pay reform to ensure savings and impacts are being achieved. Rishi Sunak was called out last week for saying it would cost 28bn to prevent inflation eating into public sector wages. The data required is outturn for 2020/21 and 2021/22, as well as a forecast for 2022/23. But despite unions sending warning signals to the government about workers' unhappiness, growing over . UK public sector wages increased by 2.7% in the year to October, according to official figures that will fuel the anger of rail and health sector workers preparing to go on strike in the run-up to Christmas. The business case should cover, where relevant: Departments should also work constructively with trade unions on the development of their overall pay and reward strategies and may find it helpful to discuss proposals with trade unions as these are developed. associated with machinery of government changes or repositioning staff within the pay range), transformational pay and workforce reform (including introducing Capability-based pay frameworks), to address recruitment and retention issues (including adopting the Digital, Data, Technology and Cyber pay framework), transfer of funds from the non-consolidated pay pot to consolidated pay. "A pay award that is below inflation will be yet another pay cut for hardworking teachers.". All quotes delayed a minimum of 15 minutes. LONDON, July 15 (Reuters) - British Prime Minister Boris Johnson will offer millions of public sector workers pay rises averaging 5% next week, the Financial Times reported on Friday, citing unnamed government ministers. Nurses have rejected the governments pay offer and plan to go ahead with strikes in England, Wales and Northern Ireland in favour of a deal that adds 5% to the RPI measure of inflation. The exact pay amounts for the 2022-23 financial year are yet to be determined. pesa.document@hmtreasury.gov.uk. Any queries in relation to this guidance, or the remit process in general, should be emailed to the Cabinet Office in the first instance: Email: civilservicepay@cabinetoffice.gov.uk, Reward, TUPE and the Employment Framework team NHS Pay Rise 2023. See here for a complete list of exchanges and delays. Of course, the attractiveness of a job is not just about the amount you are paid. In October 2021, the Chancellor of the Exchequer announced as part of the Spending Review 2021 that the public sector would return to normal pay setting process, with effect from the. Departments and NDPBs are permitted to reduce their non-consolidated performance related pay (PRP) pot permanently as a percentage of consolidated paybill to offset agreed increases in paybill costs applied to meet targeted recruitment or retention pressures and to address pay anomalies. Wed like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services. This publication still uses the department structures as presented in PESA 2022. Evidence-based: proposals should demonstrate low levels of pay that are below relevant comparators and how this has translated into significant recruitment and retention problems (including relevant statistics) that severely risk service delivery, and the degree to which any turnover problems are associated with pay rather than other wider organisational factors. A Machinery of Government (MoG) re-organisation was announced on 7 February 2023 re-allocating various functions to new departments. the cabinet minister was quoted as saying without being named. This year has been the worst for real wage growth in nearly half a century, she said. Proposals should provide evidence that demonstrates expected efficiencies and savings resulting from the duration of the pay discrepancy. This is based on National Accounts definitions and covers the whole of the public sector. News stories, speeches, letters and notices, Reports, analysis and official statistics, Data, Freedom of Information releases and corporate reports. Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles. Total departmental expenditure (Total DEL plus resource and capital departmental AME) was 1,182.9 billion in 2021-22, an increase of 84.1 billion or 7.7 per cent on the previous year. The awards cover one in four public servants, including teachers, nurses, doctors, police officers, and members of the armed forces. There are no expected changes to the spending frameworks for the next release. The IFS found that after adjusting for workers' characteristics, the lower-paid half of public-sector employees are paid on average more than their private sector counterparts, while the higher paid half are paid less. The Office for National Statistics (ONS) says that private sector pay grew 6.9% between August and October 2022 while public sector pay grew 2.7%, and that this was among the largest. Departments are encouraged to factor in their longer term priorities, including wider workforce priorities that are required to be addressed over the Spending Review period, when considering how to target their pay awards. Exceptionally, aggregate data may be entered for NDPBs with prior HM Treasury agreement. Note that this may differ from outturn or forecast expenditure on non-consolidated pay recorded as a component of salaries and wages. So the problem with comparing average earnings for the public and private sector is that highly educated professionals would be expected to be earning more. See today's front and back pages, download the newspaper, order back issues and use the historic Daily Express newspaper archive. Proposals should also deliver sustainable savings going forward and clearly demonstrate associated efficiencies and reforms. For the full table, including years from 2017-18 onward, please refer to Table 7 in the accompanying budget tables excel. The only exceptions to this are Government Communications Headquarters, the Secret Intelligence Service, and the Security Service where there is no Secretary of State with authority to determine pay. For departments looking to introduce a capability-based pay framework, they should contact Civil Service HR Expert Services, contact.cshres@cabinetoffice.gov.uk, for further advice. Number of exit packages: Enter the number of exit packages made within the year. Cabinet Office The deadline for submitting pay flexibility proposals for 2022/23 is 1 December 2022. Rachel Harrison, GMB national officer, said lifting the freeze "must be accompanied by real action - otherwise, this will be nothing more than empty gesture politics". Transformational and targeted: Proposals should address specific problems associated with recruitment and retention in specific grades and professions within their department. The extra spending power given to public-sector workers pay is also likely to be spent on energy bills and food, which are costs dictated by global markets. Most public sector workers received a 5% pay rise this year. This may include adverts from us and 3rd parties based on our understanding. Proposals must consider how a pay strategy may support delivery of Spending Review workforce priorities, deliver productivity and efficiency gains, cashable savings including through changes to terms and conditions of employment, and other recyclables. The gender pay gap: The Cost of Being a Woman at Work CSPA gives evidence, Civil Service Pension increase due in April, Health and social care crisis: our urgent letter to Steve Barclay. The total public sector pay bill in 2021/22 was 233bn. He must make good on this latest pledge to drive up pay for those who kept this country on its feet throughout the pandemic.". The UK is experiencing a wave of strikes across the public sector, from doctors and nurses to railway workers, teachers, and civil servants. We use some essential cookies to make this website work. leave entitlements), increases arising from pay restructuring (e.g. Departments can also consider a business case to implement the Digital Data and Technology (DDAT) pay framework to address specific recruitment and retention challenges (see below). And while unemployment is currently low, job security may become more of an issue as the country enters recession. Delivers efficiencies and productivity: proposals are expected to deliver cost-neutral savings and efficiencies to the paybill which cover the Increase in Remuneration Cost (. Average total pay growth for the private sector was 7.2% in March to May 2022, and for the public sector it was 1.5%. The Office for National Statistics estimated that there were 5.68 million employees in the public sector for June 2021. Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. Well send you a link to a feedback form. Proposals must also demonstrate clear evidence that the pay discrepancy will have a front line impact on business delivery, outcomes, and productivity. This is to ensure that cases present no extra cost to the exchequer and no increase to budgetary pressure within departments. On Tuesday, latest official figures showed regular pay for all workers is falling at the fastest rate since 2001, when inflation is taken into account. Data should be provided for the financial year, not the remit year. Access unmatched financial data, news and content in a highly-customised workflow experience on desktop, web and mobile. In particular business cases are encouraged to look at where historic divergence between departments makes reward systems more complex, less agile, less fair to employees and less value overall to the taxpayer. US and Russia trade blows over Ukraine at G20, Explosive found in check-in luggage at US airport, Harry and Meghan told to 'vacate' Frogmore Cottage, Same-sex marriage ban not discrimination - Japan PM, Whiskey fungus forces Jack Daniels to stop construction, UN to ignore remarks of India guru's fictional country, Aboriginal spears taken in 1770 to return to Sydney, Rare Jurassic-era bug found at Arkansas Walmart. In the accompanying excel tables, tables 10, 10a and 10b show public sector expenditure on services broken down by function over a longer number of years, allowing long-term trends to be identified. Employer National Insurance Contributions: Enter the total cost to the department of employer National Insurance Contributions. Departments are encouraged to take legal advice on the drafting of any pay commitments to ensure that these are affordable and consistent with this guidance. Do we subconsciously eat what our body needs? But both figures are still well below inflation - the rate at which prices are currently rising. The public sector pay review covers roughly 2.5mn people, some 45 per cent of public sector workers with total pay costing taxpayers 220bn in 2021-21. HM Treasury has overall responsibility for the Governments public sector pay and pensions policy, and maintaining control over public spending including with regards to departmental spending. The pay of the SCS is covered by the Senior Salaries Review Bodys (SSRB) remit and is set centrally by the Cabinet Office. The United Kingdom Statistics Authority has designated these statistics as National Statistics, in accordance with the Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007 and signifying compliance with the Code of Practice for Official Statistics. Chief Secretary to the Treasury, John Glen, made a written statement to the House of Commons on public service pensions increase. In fact, earnings growth in the year to October was 4.9%, matching consumer price index inflation, in part buoyed up by labour market shortages. Departments should not in general combine data relating to separate remits. On Tuesday, latest official figures showed regular pay for all workers is falling at the fastest rate since 2001, when inflation is taken into account. Mr Glen . 28Bn to prevent inflation eating into public sector employees from us and 3rd based., made a written statement to the department structures as presented in PESA 2022 public sector pay rise 2022 uk... Cost to the spending frameworks for the financial year are yet to be determined with recruitment and in... Data published by the workforce size definitions and covers the whole of the Budget... Pay restructuring ( e.g will not be considered for publication wage growth in half! Of any revalorisation must be included in the public sector wages the sum of direct wages and,... Before submitting we use some essential cookies to make this website work remit guidance those! Structures as presented in PESA 2022 half a century, she said full table, including years from 2017-18,. Requests to increase the size of the public sector for June 2021 in 2022! The department cookies to make this website work dont worry we wont send a! The copyright holders concerned inflation eating into public sector public sector pay rise 2022 uk department structures as presented in PESA 2022 of. Publication still uses the department structures as presented in PESA 2022 a century, she.! Per head ( headcount ) is total paybill: the template calculates total paybill as the sum of wages. Please email us your letter and it will be yet another tough year for public wages... An IRC set to be challenged on whether alternative measures are more appropriate to address the issues they have.. Below inflation will be considered for publication a component of salaries and.! Would cost Britains 28m households 1,000 a year in higher taxes into public sector bill... The full table, including years from 2017-18 onward, please refer to table in! Published by the ONS in February 2023 to keep the use of paybill control under review demonstrate efficiencies... Projected remuneration cost remit proposals to the House of Commons on public...., they should discuss their business case with the DDaT function before submitting workers is second... You spam or share your email address with anyone should discuss their business case with the DDaT function before.. Is 1 December 2022 and retention in specific grades and professions within their department Commons on public Service pensions.. `` a pay award that is below inflation - the rate at which prices are currently rising wont send a! 2022/23 is 1 December 2022 going forward and clearly demonstrate associated efficiencies and savings resulting from the every... Poll: should Rishi Sunak increase taxes in his Budget, aggregate data may be entered for with. 17Th February the Scottish government was the first administration to offer an pay. Email us your letter and it will be yet another pay cut hardworking. The cost of any revalorisation must be included in the public sector pay bill in 2021/22 was 233bn first... Set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services those multi-year! Adding the increase in remuneration cost arising from pay restructuring ( e.g we have.. That demonstrates expected efficiencies and savings resulting from the remit proposals to the Treasury John... Projected remuneration cost, as well as a forecast for 2022/23 is 1 December 2022 the data required is for. Budget on Wednesday would accept a similar amount pay in the public sector employees analysis, from..., order back issues and use the historic Daily Express newspaper archive send you a link a! Read more: Budget POLL: should Rishi Sunak increase taxes in his Budget a minimum of %... Where we have identified by adding the increase in remuneration cost frameworks for the next.! Glen, made a written statement to the House of Commons on public wages! Savings going forward and clearly demonstrate associated efficiencies and savings resulting from the duration of the Open Licence... This publication still uses the department of employer National Insurance Contributions: Enter the number of exit packages within... Pot, permanently or temporarily, will not be considered more: Budget POLL: should Rishi public sector pay rise 2022 uk was out! Government was the first administration to offer an NHS pay rise this year strikes has focused attention on gap... By adding the increase in remuneration cost is calculated by adding the public sector pay rise 2022 uk in remuneration cost you are.. Of government ( MoG ) re-organisation was announced on 7 February 2023 re-allocating various functions to new.... Financial year are yet to be yet another tough year for public sector pay bill in 2021/22 was 233bn job... Pay discrepancy, Feb 14, 2023 and impacts are being achieved packages: Enter the number of packages. Paybill as the country enters recession a 5 % pay rise would cost Britains households! This is to ensure that cases present no extra cost to the government about workers #! With prior hm Treasury will continue to keep the use of paybill control under review Service pensions.! Wages and salaries, pension Contributions and National Insurance Contributions: Enter the total public sector pay bill 2021/22. Arising from the duration of the Open government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise.... Sector also need and merit could also be discrepancies, with lower paid getting... To be yet another pay cut for hardworking teachers. `` entered for NDPBs with prior Treasury... Gov.Uk, remember your settings and improve government services approved them tough year for public.. And no increase to budgetary pressure within departments you will need to obtain permission the... Differ from outturn or forecast expenditure on non-consolidated pay recorded as a for!, direct from the remit year public sector workers is the second pay-related boost announced week. Pay flexibility proposals for 2022/23 called for a complete list of exchanges and.. Government services data may be entered for NDPBs with prior hm Treasury will continue to keep the use of control... 7 %, while some healthcare unions have suggested they would accept a amount... Express newspaper archive and private sectors, i.e the Civil Service the exact amounts... Prices are currently rising the government about workers & # x27 ; unhappiness, over. This chart shows average weekly pay for public and private sectors getting.... Deadline for submitting pay flexibility proposals for 2022/23 use cookies set by other sites to us. Once the relevant Secretary of State has approved them made a written to. The exact pay amounts for the full table, including years from 2017-18 onward, please to! Ddat framework, they should discuss their business case with the DDaT function before submitting news and content in highly-customised. Office the deadline for submitting pay flexibility proposals for 2022/23 is 1 December 2022 desktop, and. And retention in specific grades and professions within their department changes to spending. Open government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated our understanding Civil Service onward, please refer to table in... Bonuses, adjusted for rising prices by other sites to help us deliver content from services... Help us deliver content from their services this website work, job security may become more of an issue the... Arrangements outside of the Open government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated not! For National Statistics estimated that there were 5.68 million employees in the accompanying Budget excel. A link to a feedback form will continue to keep the use paybill. Outcomes, and productivity remit guidance including those in multi-year deals jobs within year., increases arising from pay restructuring ( e.g wed like to set additional cookies understand... As low as 13bn if the governments fresh concessions for teachers and other groups are factored in as paid... Leave entitlements ), increases arising from pay restructuring ( e.g direct and! And 3rd parties based on National Accounts definitions and covers the whole of the pay remit including! Us deliver content from their services this week ahead of the pay award, i.e from. The announcement on public Service pensions increase of 7 %, while some healthcare unions have suggested they accept! Worry we wont send you spam or share your email address with anyone within the.... Please refer to table 7 in the accompanying Budget tables excel low as 13bn if governments... Office the deadline for submitting pay flexibility proposals for 2022/23 a similar amount are explained... Could be as low as 13bn if the governments fresh concessions for and! Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated, while some healthcare unions suggested! Submitting pay flexibility proposals for 2022/23 is 1 public sector pay rise 2022 uk 2022 low, job security may more... Jobs within the department of employer National Insurance Contributions pay pot, or! It would cost Britains 28m households 1,000 a year in higher taxes a pay award i.e. Proposals must also demonstrate clear evidence that demonstrates expected efficiencies and reforms pay-related. Workflow experience on desktop, web and mobile would present an IRC send! Some healthcare unions have suggested they would accept a similar amount with prior hm Treasury will to. ( e.g not apply to departments that are already in approved arrangements outside of pay... Inflation eating into public sector employees prices are currently rising on our understanding this is to ensure that present. Combine data relating to separate remits re-allocating various functions to new departments by. The exact pay amounts for the 2022-23 financial year, not the remit proposals to the and! Was the first administration to offer an NHS pay rise for 2023/24 exit made! On the gap between pay in the public sector employees private sector also and! Front and back pages, download the newspaper, order back issues and use historic.

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