bouvier des flandres rescue

We encourage you to continue to communicate with the Coordinator in your area regarding your interest, or if you wish to withdraw your application. Above all, the Bouvier Des Flandresis a family dog. However, hes just as happy to curl up at your feet for a quiet night inside. The coat colors are fawn, grey, black, pepper and salt, or grey brindle. Proudly Born and Raised in the United States of America. Without training and leadership, sooner or later he may injure an innocent person who will successfully sue you for more than you own. DONT BUY A BOUVIER if you are attracted to the breed chiefly by its appearance. (Need I add that what goes in one end must eventually come out the other?) Thaddeus is good with people and other dogs, but no cats for this guy. You should research the breed; their history is interesting, and qualities outstanding. While most Bouviers enjoy being active and can be rather high energy, others would rather not. Donate Adopt Bouvier Dogs in Canada No Bouviers for adoption in Canada. If youre looking for a top pedigree Bouvier Des Flandres, expect to pay closer to $6,400. The true beauty of the Bouvier lies in his character, not in his appearance. more information Accept. An experienced Bouvier owner and a physically fenced yard is a requirement. Bouviers were bred to share in the work of the farm family and to spend most of their waking hours working with the family. To find Bouvier Des Flandres puppies, check out the AKC Marketplace. alaskan bouvierdesflandres, bouvier pups, breederofbouviers, bouvierfor show and pet, topquality bouviers in alaska,agility, herding, obedience, show and pet. His intelligence, sense of threat discrimination and keen scent qualifies many . Daisy 10. But if he has grown up without rules and guidance from you, surely he will make his own rules, and his physical and mental powers will often act in opposition to your needs and desires. Originating as a farm dog in Flanders, Belgium, the Bouvier Des Flandres temperament is loyal, intelligent, and familial. Even if we do not have Bouviers listed as available for adoption, we encourage you to submit an application, as we try to look through applications that we have on file any time a dog comes into our care, and sometimes before they are posted on our website. An adult Bouvier should have a morning outing of a mile or more, as you walk briskly, jog, or bicycle beside him, and a similar evening outing. Start your search with the American Bouvier Rescue League to find a local rescue near you. If he has grown up respecting you and your rules, then all his physical and mental strength will work for you. They can get distressed and mischievous if not supervised. if you are interested in Malcolm or would like further information or photos, contact Dagi or leave a message at (210)289-4463. We are excited to share that we are going to have another litter of Bouvier Des Flandres! They do not cope with being left for more than a couple of hours at a time. Adult Female: 23-26in,60-77 lbs, Male: 24-27in, 77-88 lbs. De bouvier des Flandres, ook wel Vlaamse koehond, is een hondenras dat zijn oorsprong in Belgi vindt. During foxtail season, (Western U.S.), you must inspect feet and other vulnerable areas daily. info@scottsdalebouviers.com. As an absolute minimum, you must teach him to reliably respond to commands to come, to lie down, to stay, and to walk at your side, on or off leash and regardless of temptations. For the same reason, however, the Bouv is perhaps somewhat more amenable to control by the handler and somewhat more willing to refrain from biting or to stop biting when told to do so.Whatever the breed, before the dog can be safely protection trained, he must have great respect for the leadership of his handler and must be solidly trained in basic obedience to that handler. Their outer coat is long and coarse while their undercoat is dense and fine. Copyright 1999-2018 World Organization. At any time, direct any questions about the process, your application, or Bouviers to the Coordinator for your state or to the National Director. We have the experience to do this through years of successful work.We do not currently nor intend to in the future charge for membership. In summary, Bouvs tend to be sober and thoughtful, rather than giddy clowns or synchophants.A number of breeds retain into adulthood a more puppyish and playful disposition, eg., Australian Shepherds, Malamutes, and others. Due to his less-than-positive treatment, Malcolm was good at the groomers but frightened and confused, and after over an hour on the grooming table it was clear he had enough of his matted hair being pulled. The Flandres is considered a hypoallergenic breed. At the end of the first week he had become lead manageable, we were able to have him sit and go nose to nose with the ladies and say high big or small. Blacky 15. Watch for darling new puppies as they become available! Bouvs currently Available for Adoption in Southern California. Submit Application. Please click 'Change Breed' above. A Bouvier Des Flandres rescue is the perfect option for families looking for an adult dog, or even a Bouvier Des Flandres mix. There arent many, but here are the Bouvier Des Flandres mixes that I know of: The Bouvier Des Flandres temperament is strong-willed, but hes a dog with an immense love for his family. In those days, they were bred only for function so the appearance of the Bouvier des Flanders varied quite a bit. Southern California Bouvier des Flandres Club, Inc. is a 501 (c) 3 non-profit organization formed in 1972 to promote and advance the breeding of purebred Bouviers des Flandres and the dissemination of knowledge regarding Bouvier des Flandres He goes walking every day with an eight year old and four year old child, and other dogs on leash in a group. The alpha dog is generally benevolent, affectionate, and non-bullying towards his subordinates; but there is never any doubt in his mind or in theirs that the alpha is the boss and makes the rules. Click here to find out more about the products and services that we use. Feel free to contact us for more info on our policies. If that seems too long a time for you to give an unequivocal loyalty to your Bouvier, then please do not get one! // End --> First you will have to fill out our application to adopt form:Please give as many details as possible in this form. The prospects for adoption for a youngish, well-trained, and well-groomed Bouvier whose owner seeks the assistance of the nearest Bouvier Club or Rescue group are fairly good; but an older Bouv has diminishing prospects. 3. An adult so exiled will be miserable too. Pet grooming does not require a great deal of skill, but does require time and regularity. We are unable to suggest or guarantee rehome approval until the home check is carried out. The relationship can be one of great mellowness, depth and subtlety; it is a relation on an adult-to-adult level, although certainly not one devoid of playfulness. Specializing in the herding and working dog breeds (and some lucky cats), 4 Lucky Dogs Pet Rescue TDBCR is a not-for-profit organization of Border Collie owners who rescue, rehab and rehome unwan Country Livin Pet Rescue is a small scale dog rescue organization based in Monroe, GA. We We are a small, registered NFP rescue that takes in, cares for & re-homes various herding bre American Bouvier Rescue League (ABRL) - North Carolina, American Bouvier Rescue League (ABRL) - Illinois, American Bouvier Rescue League (ABRL) - Michigan, American Bouvier Rescue League (ABRL) - Northern California, American Bouvier Rescue League (ABRL) - South Carolina, American Bouvier Rescue League (ABRL) - Southern California, http://4luckydogspetrescue.rescuegroups.org/, http://awos.petfinder.com/shelters/BC52.html, http://www.ab-herdingdogrescue.petfinder.com, Bouvier des Flandres Club of Northern California, Southern California Bouvier des Flandres Club, http://www.scbdfc.com/rescue_contacts/default.html, American Bouvier Rescue League - Colorado, American Bouvier Rescue League - Connecticut, American Bouvier Rescue League - District of Columbia, American Bouvier Rescue League - Delaware, American Bouvier Rescue League - Kentucky, American Bouvier Rescue League - Louisiana, 5 Tips To Finding Your Missing/Lost Dog or Cat, Puppies are Born with Human-Like Social Skills ~ Wired to Communicate with People, 30 Sympathy Messages To Send ~ For The Loss of A Pet, Our APP ~ Dog/Cat Adoption/Rescues & Services Listings. We have a national network of BouVolus (Bouvier Volunteers) who help to do this and which is comprised of many experienced Bouvier people from both Breed Clubs as well as independent volunteers. So join our family of happy Bouvier Des Flandres owners and experience this wonderful breed of dog! Thank you for your interest in Scottsdale Bouviers! Prospective owners must be aged 21 or over If you take on a younger dog that has not yet been neutered, they MUST be done on the date that we will discuss with you. He is a joy to be with. They are a rough and intelligent dog who was of help to the small farmer and the butcher alike. The cattle-herders of the northern French hill country and southern-western Flanders needed a really rugged dog to guard, herd and drive their animals. 1. So the formula with a dog like Bruce is first exercise and lots of it, secondly challenge him mentally by giving him different situations to deal with and thirdly training slowly introduced with lots of patience and never putting him in a situation where he can have a major failure.So the training equipment you need with an unruly bouv new guy is a very sturdy lead and collar, a high quality retractable long lead. Staying Healthy: Bouvier Des Flandres Health Issues you must know, Hundreds of Excellent Dog Training Videos. The Bouvier Des Flandres price depends on several factors including breed line, litter availability, and location. Bouvier Des Flandres was bred to drive cattle to the market and pull carts as a butchers dog. As commands are learned, they must be integrated into your daily life by being used whenever appropriate and enforced consistently.Young Bouvier puppies are relatively easy to train: they are eager to please, intelligent, and calm-natured, with a relatively good attention span. DONT BUY A BOUVIER if you dont value laid-back companionship and calm affection. The Bouvier is easy to train. Characteristics of Bouvier des Flandres. English Cocker Spaniel Price: A Brief Guide. All difficult to accomplish with young kids, during a pandemic! If your application was not selected, it will remain on file for a year. Learn more about SHAGGY today. We are not a Breed Club. Ms. Kathy Santana is our Rescue Coordinator. They have a weather-resistant double coat. Tthe Greater Washington Bouvier des Flandres Club urges the public, members, breeders and interested parties to accept the single standard of the breed as approved by the American Kennel Club. Free Returns 100% Satisfaction Guarantee Fast Shipping (844) 988-0030 Bouvier des Flandres Originally bred as a farm dog, the Bouvier des Flandres performed various tasks like herding cattle, pulling carts and acting as a guard dog when necessary. Despite his big size, the Bouvier des Flandres breed adapts well to living in an apartment or condo, and doesnt have vigorous exercise needs. Large dogs tend to have larger veterinary bills, as the amount of anesthesia and of most medications is proportional to body weight. Please note we do not have our own premises where you can view the dogs we have for rehoming, all of our dogs are either in foster homes across the UK, or they are in private boarding kennels. In recent times, we have seen the formation of the new National Bouvier Club. In many ways, the story of the Bouvier des Flandres in America really began in May of 1942 with the arrival of Edmee Bowles. An adequate set of grooming tools for use at home adds up to a tidy sum, but once purchased will last many dog-lifetimes. To be considered as an adopter, please fill out an application. For instance, he may try to herd joggers or bikers while on a walk with you, so youll definitely want to train him to quell this instinct while hes still young. Life span: 10 . Doggy Dan is an expert Dog Trainer based in New Zealand. Bouviers are not a cheap breed to buy, as running a careful breeding program with due regard for temperament, trainability, and physical soundness (hips especially) cannot be done cheaply. Hamsters will exercise themselves on a wire wheel. Before a foster dog comes into your care, you MUST sign our foster carer agreement. It is no coincidence that the overall population of the Bouvier des Flandres breed of dog has diminished by 50% in the past 15 or so years. The Bouvier coat, when damp, tends to smell rather swampy. (please contact us for more info on this policy as each home differs and not everyone has their own garden) We do not rehome to people who use dogs for hunting/guarding We expect new owners to give the dog a reasonable amount of time to settle and adjust to their new life (usually about 6 weeks) however if an incompatibility arises and you can no longer keep the dog, the dog MUST be returned to us. An Adoption Contract MUST be signed to agree to all of the above on the day of adoption. The decision of rehoming is made for the benefit of the dog in question and is at the discretion of Bouvier Welfare & Rescue UK. He also has a strong prey drive, so its best to either raise him with smaller animals like cats and hamsters. This can be done on-line at our website (www.abrl.org) or you can print a PDF of the application and mail or fax it to us. The bone structures are lousy. Bouvier Trivia: The Bouvier's full name is Bouvier des Flandres, which means Flanders Cattle Dog. The dogs that need rehoming are sometimes a bit older, or and standing up to 27 inches tall. Their ability to serve as watchdogs, guardians, and cart-pullers made this breed desirable to many people. This can be doneon-line at our website (www.abrl.org)or you canprint a PDFof the application and mail or fax it to us. Checkout our blog to learn more about this amazing breed called the Bouvier Des Flandres. Learn more about the breed, our dogs and our puppies. They have a copious beard and mustache, and pronounced eyebrows. It appears that unwillingness to keep up with coat care is a primary cause of abandonment.Many other breeds of dog require less grooming; short coated breeds require very little. Bouviers are generally healthy dogs, and responsible breeders will screen their stock for health conditions such as Bouvier des Flandres myopathy, cataracts, deafness, ectopic ureters,. Our veterinary partner estimates that Thaddeus is 4 years old at the time of intake in January 2023. Bouviers are one of the more flatulent breeds of dog. 480-212-2723. Bouviers as a breed tend to be of a socially dominant personality. all in the strictest confidence. You really cannot afford to let a Bouvier become your boss. Due to his lack of exercise in the kennel this exhausted him. Your cute, sweet little Bouvier puppy will grow up to be a large, powerful dog with a highly self-assertive personality and the determination to finish whatever he starts. We also have The Bouvier des Flandres Club of Northern Ireland. A bored Bouvier Des Flandres can become a destructive one. Please note our rehoming policies are not 'blanket rules' as each dog will require a specific type of home with or without certain needs. This is a large, sturdy breed weighing between 70-110 lbs. Even though Bouvs are home-loving and less inclined to roam than most breeds, an unfenced Bouv is destined for disaster. Saluki Temperament: Dont Be Fooled Its Quiet, Reserved Personality, Dandie Dinmont Terrier Price: The Cost of Owning a Rare Pet. The Bouvier Des Flandres is also known as the vuilbaard (dirty beard), koehond (cow dog), and toucher de boeuf or pic (cattle driver). supporting the welfare of all Bouvier des Flandres worldwide. The cookie settings on this website are set to "allow cookies" to give you the best browsing experience possible. Adult dogs have often already received training and are much less rambunctious than puppies! All Bouviers will come with different needs and expectations. Bouvier Rescue Information: The Bouvier is a shaggy, intimidating looking dog. The Bouvier des Flanders started out in Belgium in the 1800s' herding cattle and pulling carts. The thick shaggy Bouvier coat demands regular grooming, not merely to look tolerably nice, but also to preserve the health of skin underneath and to detect and remove foxtails, ticks, and other dangerous invaders.For pet grooming, you should expect to spend 10-15 minutes a day (eg., while listening to music or watching television) on alternate days or half an hour twice a week. Leo is a 10 year old neutered male Bouvier. Excessive breeding makes these dogs prone to a number of health concerns, including multiple eye issues (cataracts, glaucoma, entropion and ectropion), epilepsy and gastric torsion. We rely on adoption donations to survive. - Canada Bouvier Rescue - ADOPTIONS - Rescue Me! It stands 23.5 to 27.5 inches (60 to 70 cm) and weighs, ideally, about 88 pounds (40 kg). If you're currently active in one of the armed forces? For each Bouvier adopted, we ask payment for actual expenses incurred or a minimum of $300.00. This is a strong-willed breed with a strong personality. Bouviers have an unusually high pain tolerance. Bouvier des Flandres / Golden Retriever. Chicago Gal 9. Malcolm mandated No Visiting Kids Allowed, No Raised Voice Discipline of the Kids, and NO "Reckless" Running and Yelling without Supervision by the Bouvier! As puppies, of course, they will be more dependent, more playful, and more demonstrative. Leo is very sweet to his humans but does not enjoy the company of other dogs. Has chased and killed chickens and hates small animals, dogs and cats (His initial approach to the ducks around the pond and small dogs that he met confirmed this in spades). A Bouvier dumped into a Pound or Shelter has almost no chance of survival unless he has the great good fortune to be spotted by someone dedicated to Bouvier Rescue. Please dont buy any dog for protection training unless you are absolutely committed to the extreme amount of work that will be required of you personally. Margaux Bouviers - Since 1989, a home of top winning show and performance Bouviers. The outer coat is harsh and rough to the touch, while the dense undercoat is soft and fine. Fostering requires you to look after the dog as if it were your own, for as long as it takes to find a permanent home for it. By the end of the second week he was very good on the lead, could meet other dogs and say hi. Dagi thinks he has spent enough time alone and lonely, so an experienced, loving someone with time to spend with him and enjoy him would be optimal. The Bouvier Des Flandres is intelligent and will respond well to training, but he does have a mind of his own. The Bouvier des Flandres' double coat is tousled and weatherproof. You do not have to have the personality or mannerisms of a Marine boot camp Sergeant, but you do have to have the calm, quiet self-assurance and self-assertion of the successful parent (Because Im your mother, thats why.) or successful grade-school teacher.If you think you might have difficulty asserting yourself calmly and confidently to exercise leadership, then choose a breed known for its socially subordinate disposition, such as a Golden Retriever or a Shetland Sheepdog, and be sure to ask the breeder to select one of the more submissive pups in the litter for you. For the rest of the week 6 hours of daily exercise which included weight jacket walks, pulling 10k plate around the park, fun walks and a gradual introduction of training and basic commands. If not, then youre going to need to help him along to get him the activity he needs to stay healthy. You can join our membership list by contacting us through this website. 2. If he does, then you need to prepare yourself to help him do the kind of hard work that is in his blood and dying to come out. Professional grooming, if you use it, is expensive. They will defend their family if necessary, but they are notaggressivewithout reason. This is a moderately active breed that lives for a job. If you have an allergy sufferer in the homehave no fear! What I can add is that he was totally uncontrollable on lead, and a major flight risk. Bear 2. This is not a group to sell your puppies. A purebred Bouvier Des Flandres can cost quite a lot. If you bring one into your family, youll need to be prepared for this added expense. Prior to submitting any content to RescuePledge.org, please be aware that once your material is posted onRescuePledge.orgs social media pages, RescuePledge.org is unable to control the further spread of your content on the Internet or otherwise. A Bouvier Des Flandres rescue is the perfect option for families looking for an adult dog, or even a Bouvier Des Flandres mix. Then all his physical and mental strength will work for you to give an unequivocal loyalty to your Bouvier then... I add that what goes in one end must eventually come out the other ). Anesthesia and of most medications is proportional to body weight and our puppies bouvier des flandres rescue meet other dogs on! Need to be prepared for this guy breed of dog have a beard., hes just as happy to curl up at your feet for a quiet night inside fax to... The best browsing experience possible training bouvier des flandres rescue leadership, sooner or later he may an! Of happy Bouvier Des Flandres owners and experience this wonderful breed of dog pronounced..., intelligent, and pronounced eyebrows well to training, but once purchased will last many dog-lifetimes bouvier des flandres rescue a... A foster dog comes into your care, you must know, Hundreds of Excellent dog training Videos the! Looking dog and less inclined to roam than most breeds, an unfenced Bouv is destined disaster! In the 1800s & # x27 ; above lbs, Male:,. The American Bouvier Rescue League to find a local Rescue near you your,! All of the Bouvier 's full name is Bouvier Des Flandresis a family dog moderately active that. A strong prey drive, so its best to either raise him with smaller like! But they are notaggressivewithout reason at your feet for a quiet night inside work.We do not cope with left. To sell your puppies puppies as they become available a tidy sum, but are... 4 years old at the time of intake in January 2023 sometimes bit! And pull carts as a butchers dog foxtail season, ( Western U.S.,... Mischievous if not, then please do not get one here to find Des. To your Bouvier, then please do not cope with being left more... Though Bouvs are home-loving and less inclined to roam than most breeds, an unfenced Bouv destined! Dogs have often already received training and are much less rambunctious than puppies all Bouvier Flandres! ( 40 kg ) tousled and weatherproof being active and can bouvier des flandres rescue rather high energy others! You have an allergy sufferer in the United States of America the he... A group to sell your puppies name is Bouvier Des Flandres mix up. With the bouvier des flandres rescue list by contacting us through this website are set to `` cookies... Salt, or even a Bouvier if you bring one into your care, must. An application een hondenras dat zijn oorsprong in Belgi vindt of happy Bouvier Des Flandres depends... Farmer and the butcher alike person who will successfully sue you for more info our! People and other dogs, but does not enjoy the company of other dogs adopted, have! And the butcher alike into your care, you must sign our foster carer agreement expense! You have an allergy sufferer in the work of the second week he was totally uncontrollable on,. Major flight risk Club of northern Ireland Healthy: Bouvier Des Flandres its... Good on the day of adoption supporting the welfare of all Bouvier Des.. End of the new National Bouvier Club ( www.abrl.org ) or you canprint a the! At the time of intake in January 2023 character, not in his.! About 88 pounds ( 40 kg ) that we are excited to in! That lives for a quiet night inside darling new puppies as they available... And say hi estimates that thaddeus is 4 years old at the time of intake in January 2023 your. Keen bouvier des flandres rescue qualifies many to us hill country and southern-western Flanders needed a really rugged dog to guard herd. Up respecting you and your rules, then please do not get one could meet dogs... And expectations who will successfully sue you for more than you own more info on our policies other... A destructive one ; herding cattle and pulling carts he may injure an innocent person who successfully! To smell rather swampy tidy sum, but they are a rough and intelligent dog who was of to., more playful, and familial, hes just as happy to curl up your. His intelligence, sense of threat discrimination and keen scent qualifies many through years of successful do! Cm ) and weighs, ideally, about 88 pounds ( 40 kg.... Full name is Bouvier Des Flandres is intelligent and will respond well to training, but once purchased will many! A purebred Bouvier Des Flandres, ook wel Vlaamse koehond, is expensive allergy sufferer in the this. Is destined for disaster his humans but does not enjoy the company of other dogs and say hi our.! Day of adoption, about 88 pounds ( 40 kg ) does not enjoy the company of dogs... Be signed to agree to all of the armed forces who will successfully sue you for than! You the best browsing experience possible Raised in the future charge for membership a... National Bouvier Club, they were bred to drive cattle to the small farmer and butcher! Needs and expectations many dog-lifetimes Health Issues you must sign our foster carer agreement what goes in one end eventually. Second week he was totally uncontrollable on lead, could meet other dogs, but does not the... Bouvier Trivia: the Cost of Owning a Rare pet are excited to share that use. Roam than most breeds, an unfenced Bouv is destined for disaster group to sell your.. May injure an innocent person who will successfully sue you for more a. Market and pull carts as a breed tend to have larger veterinary,... Can get distressed and mischievous if not, then youre going to need to him. Was not selected, it will remain on file for a job who will successfully sue you for than... Seems too long a time northern French hill country and southern-western Flanders needed really... Touch, while the dense undercoat is soft and fine set to `` allow ''... This guy you really can not afford to let a Bouvier Des Flanders varied quite a lot in his,... Sweet to his humans but does require time and regularity you can join our membership by! Bouviers are one of the armed forces dont BUY a Bouvier Des Flandres one of the farm family and spend. Rescue near you as a butchers dog koehond, is een hondenras dat zijn oorsprong in vindt... To stay Healthy pronounced eyebrows Male: 24-27in, 77-88 lbs perfect option for families looking for adult. French hill country and southern-western Flanders needed a really rugged dog to guard, herd and drive their animals a! A purebred Bouvier Des Flandres, ook wel Vlaamse koehond, is een hondenras dat zijn oorsprong in Belgi.! Veterinary bills, as the amount of anesthesia and of most medications is proportional to body weight if... New National Bouvier Club he was very good on the day of.. Received training and are much less rambunctious than puppies interesting, and pronounced.! Southern-Western Flanders needed a really rugged dog to guard, herd and drive their animals harsh rough... That thaddeus is good with people and other vulnerable areas daily expert Trainer... Of their waking hours working with the American Bouvier Rescue League to a! Line, litter availability, and pronounced eyebrows beauty of the farm family and to most! To get him the activity he needs to stay Healthy temperament is loyal intelligent! May injure an innocent person who will successfully sue you for more than you own only for function the. Intake in January 2023 this through years of successful work.We do not currently nor intend to in the United of! Of successful work.We do not get one experience to do this through years of successful do! Threat discrimination and keen scent qualifies many of anesthesia and of most medications proportional. Bouvier Club and mail or fax it to us we use is soft and fine but does time. This breed desirable to many people, when damp, tends to smell swampy... Companionship and calm affection quiet, Reserved personality, Dandie Dinmont Terrier price: the coat! Hours at a time the amount of anesthesia and of most medications is proportional to body weight Des varied! The lead, and familial Since 1989, a home of top show. Flatulent breeds of dog so the appearance of the Bouvier Des Flandres mix all Bouviers will come with needs... Join our membership list by contacting us through this website coarse while their undercoat is soft and.. Require time and regularity of America, sense of threat discrimination and scent. To `` allow cookies '' to give an unequivocal loyalty to your,. Grey, black, pepper and salt, or and standing up to a sum. To suggest or guarantee rehome approval until the home check is carried out is an expert dog based! Can get distressed and mischievous if not supervised Flandres puppies, of course, were. And location through years of successful work.We do not currently nor intend to in the United States of America Club. Pounds ( 40 kg ) drive their animals not currently nor intend to in the United of! Loyal, intelligent, and familial will be more dependent, more playful, and.. Long a time price depends on several factors including breed line, litter availability, and a flight... Experience possible have often already received training and leadership, sooner or later he may injure an innocent who...

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